Difference between revisions of "Scaling Rotating Mirroring Clipping"

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=Scaling=
 
=Scaling=
  
You can insert symbols at a reduced size in the text flow.
+
The {{cmd|scale}} command is all-purpose, you can scale by factors or to a defined size.
 +
 
 +
As a special case, you can insert symbols at a reduced size in the text flow using {{cmd|getscaledglyph}}.
  
 
<context source=yes>
 
<context source=yes>
 
\getscaledglyph{.5}{Serif}{a} a \getscaledglyph{2}{Serif}{a}
 
\getscaledglyph{.5}{Serif}{a} a \getscaledglyph{2}{Serif}{a}
 
</context>
 
</context>
 +
  
 
= Mirroring =
 
= Mirroring =
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</context>
 
</context>
  
<code>\mirror</code> makes a <code>\hbox</code> and mirrors the contents. If you want to have a longer paragraph mirrored, you have to make a <code>\vbox</code> manually.
+
{{cmd|mirror}} makes a <code>\hbox</code> and mirrors the contents. If you want to have a longer paragraph mirrored, you have to make a <code>\vbox</code> manually.
  
 
<context source=yes>
 
<context source=yes>
 
\mirror{\vbox{Alice was beginning to get very tired of sitting by her sister on the bank, and of having nothing to do:  
 
\mirror{\vbox{Alice was beginning to get very tired of sitting by her sister on the bank, and of having nothing to do:  
once or twice she had peeped into the book her sister was reading, but it had no pictures or conversations in it, `and  
+
once or twice she had peeped into the book her sister was reading, but it had no pictures or conversations in it, \quote{and  
what is the use of a book,' thought Alice `without pictures or conversation?'}}
+
what is the use of a book,} thought Alice \quote{without pictures or conversation?}}}
 
</context>
 
</context>
  
 
= Rotating =
 
= Rotating =
  
You can rotate something by an arbitrary angle by saying something like  
+
You can {{cmd|rotate}} something by an arbitrary angle like  
 +
 
 
<context source=yes>
 
<context source=yes>
 
\rotate[rotation=42]{the ultimate answer}
 
\rotate[rotation=42]{the ultimate answer}
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\rotate{the ultimate answer}
 
\rotate{the ultimate answer}
 
</context>
 
</context>
 +
 +
<context source=yes>
 +
\ss Next generation L\rotate{m}\rotate{m}TSP\mirror{3}Al\rotate[rotation=270,location=high]{v}?
 +
</context>
 +
 +
You can rotate a long paragraph as well.
  
 
==Location parameter==
 
==Location parameter==
  
An example by Hans Hagen showing the influence of <code>location=</code> argument at different angles:
+
The influence of <code>location=</code> at different angles:
  
 
<context source=yes>
 
<context source=yes>
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     \stoplinecorrection}
 
     \stoplinecorrection}
 
</context>
 
</context>
 
You can rotate a long paragraph as well.
 
  
 
=== Rotating Figures ===
 
=== Rotating Figures ===
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\stoptext
 
\stoptext
 
</texcode>
 
</texcode>
 +
 +
or, even nicer:
 +
 +
<context source="yes">
 +
\useMPlibrary[dum]
 +
\setupexternalfigures[width=4em,height=3em,frame=on,]
 +
\dostepwiserecurse{0}{359}{45}{{\bf\recurselevel˚}\quad
 +
  \doloopoverlist{normal,depth,fit,broad,high,middle}{
 +
    \dontleavehmode\ruledhbox{%
 +
      \rotate[rotation=\recurselevel, location=\recursestring]{%
 +
        \externalfigure[\recursestring]
 +
      }%
 +
    }%
 +
  }\par
 +
}
 +
</context>
  
 
==In a box==
 
==In a box==
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==Page dependent landscape figures==
 
==Page dependent landscape figures==
  
Sometimes, in a double-sided portrait document, you may wish to rotate a landscape figure so that the top is towards the spine of the book – no matter whether it's on an odd or even page. In this case the {{cmd|doifoddpageelse}} command can help:
+
Sometimes, in a double-sided portrait document, you may wish to rotate a landscape figure so that the top is towards the spine of the book – no matter whether it’s on an odd or even page. In this case the {{cmd|doifoddpageelse}} command can help:
  
 
<texcode>
 
<texcode>
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=Clipping=
 
=Clipping=
  
You can adjust the size of an element by cropping/clipping its borders:
+
You can adjust the size of an element by cropping/clipping its borders:<ref>Please, don’t forget that clipping only displays a part of an image. At least when this comes from a PDF document, the whole page has to be included, although only part of it is displayed.<br/>
 +
The PDF output from the following sample contains <code>hans hagen, pragma ade</code>. Depending on your PDF viewer, you may be able to search for it.<br/>
 +
Of course, you will have to compile the source yourself, since the wiki will only contains PNG images from compilations.
 +
 
 +
<context source="yes">
 +
\setuppapersize[A5, landscape]
 +
\setuplayout[page]
 +
\starttext
 +
\clip[nx=3,ny=3,x=1,y=1]{\externalfigure[xml-mkiv.pdf]}
 +
\stoptext
 +
</context>
 +
</ref>
  
 
<context source="yes">
 
<context source="yes">
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<context source="yes">
 
<context source="yes">
\setupcolors[state=start]
 
 
\definedfont[SansBold at 20mm]
 
\definedfont[SansBold at 20mm]
 
\baselineskip 0pt % switch off the space between the stripes
 
\baselineskip 0pt % switch off the space between the stripes
 
\lineskip 0pt
 
\lineskip 0pt
 
\def\MyLogo{\vbox{\hbox{\CONTEXT}\null}} % null is necessary for the whole bounding box
 
\def\MyLogo{\vbox{\hbox{\CONTEXT}\null}} % null is necessary for the whole bounding box
\clip[ny=3,y=1]{\color[yellow]\MyLogo}
+
\clip[ny=3,y=1]{\color[yellow]{\MyLogo}}
\clip[ny=3,y=2]{\color[orange]\MyLogo}
+
\clip[ny=3,y=2]{\color[orange]{\MyLogo}}
\clip[ny=3,y=3]{\color[red]\MyLogo}
+
\clip[ny=3,y=3]{\color[red]{\MyLogo}}
 +
</context>
 +
 
 +
And here’s how to cut out a piece by measures (see also {{cmd|setupclipping}} and {{cmd|clip}}):
 +
 
 +
<context source="yes">
 +
\clip[width=3cm, height=1cm, hoffset=1cm, voffset=5mm]{\externalfigure[cow][width=5cm]}
 
</context>
 
</context>
  
see also {{cmd|setupclipping}} and {{cmd|clip}}
 
  
 
=Further reading=
 
=Further reading=
  
In [https://source.contextgarden.net/tex/context/base/mkii/core-mis.mkii core-mis.mkii] (for MkII), there are some handy commands for graphical text manipulation defined.  
+
Graphic transformations are implemented in [https://source.contextgarden.net/tex/context/base/mkiv/grph-trf.mkiv grph-trf.mkiv] and [https://source.contextgarden.net/tex/context/base/mkiv/grph-trf.lua grph-trf.lua].
{{todo|What is the equivalent for mkiv ?}}
+
 
 +
=Footnotes=
  
 
[[Category:Basics]]
 
[[Category:Basics]]
 
[[Category:Graphics]]
 
[[Category:Graphics]]

Latest revision as of 17:44, 10 February 2024

You can use the commands for text, but also for graphics or other “building blocks”.

Scaling

The \scale command is all-purpose, you can scale by factors or to a defined size.

As a special case, you can insert symbols at a reduced size in the text flow using \getscaledglyph.

\getscaledglyph{.5}{Serif}{a} a \getscaledglyph{2}{Serif}{a}


Mirroring

There is a \mirror{\sl mirorred} {\sl word} in this sentence.

\mirror makes a \hbox and mirrors the contents. If you want to have a longer paragraph mirrored, you have to make a \vbox manually.

\mirror{\vbox{Alice was beginning to get very tired of sitting by her sister on the bank, and of having nothing to do: 
once or twice she had peeped into the book her sister was reading, but it had no pictures or conversations in it, \quote{and 
what is the use of a book,} thought Alice \quote{without pictures or conversation?}}}

Rotating

You can \rotate something by an arbitrary angle like

\rotate[rotation=42]{the ultimate answer}

The rotation angle and the location (which determines around which point the content is rotated) are optional and can also be set by

\setuprotate[rotation=42,location=normal] % normal is the default
\rotate{the ultimate answer}

\ss Next generation L\rotate{m}\rotate{m}TSP\mirror{3}Al\rotate[rotation=270,location=high]{v}?

You can rotate a long paragraph as well.

Location parameter

The influence of location= at different angles:

\dostepwiserecurse{0}{359}{45}
   {\startlinecorrection[blank]
    \hbox
      {\expanded{\setuprotate[rotation=\recurselevel]}%
       \traceboxplacementtrue
       \hbox to .2\hsize{\hss\ruledhbox{\rotate[location=depth] {\ruledhbox{\bfb  (depth)}}}}%
       \hbox to .2\hsize{\hss\ruledhbox{\rotate[location=fit]   {\ruledhbox{\bfb    (fit)}}}}%
       \hbox to .2\hsize{\hss\ruledhbox{\rotate[location=broad] {\ruledhbox{\bfb  (broad)}}}}%
       \hbox to .2\hsize{\hss\ruledhbox{\rotate[location=normal]{\ruledhbox{\bfb (normal)}}}}%
       \hbox to .2\hsize{\hss\ruledhbox{\rotate[location=high]  {\ruledhbox{\bfb   (high)}}}}}
    \stoplinecorrection}

Rotating Figures

The following code shows how the location parameter influences rotation with a frame:

\setupbodyfont[sans, 30pt]
\setuppagenumbering[location=,]
\showframe

\starttext
     \topskip4cm
        \dostepwiserecurse{0}{360}{10}{
\doloopoverlist{normal,default,depth,fit,broad,high,middle}{
\ruledhbox{\rotate[rotation=\recurselevel, location=\recursestring]{%
\framed
   [width=\textheight, height=\textwidth, rulethickness=5pt,
    depth=0cm, foregroundstyle=\bfd]
  {\recursestring, \recurselevel°}
            }
        }
    }
}
\stoptext

or, even nicer:

\useMPlibrary[dum]
\setupexternalfigures[width=4em,height=3em,frame=on,]
\dostepwiserecurse{0}{359}{45}{{\bf\recurselevel˚}\quad
  \doloopoverlist{normal,depth,fit,broad,high,middle}{
    \dontleavehmode\ruledhbox{%
      \rotate[rotation=\recurselevel, location=\recursestring]{%
        \externalfigure[\recursestring]
      }%
    }%
  }\par
}

In a box

Depending on the usage you will sometimes probably want to include the content of what you wish to rotate into a box. Compare the following two examples:

\setuplayout[width=3cm]
\setuprotate[rotation=180,location=broad]

a\rotate{e}i\par
a\rotate{\hbox{e}}i

Page dependent landscape figures

Sometimes, in a double-sided portrait document, you may wish to rotate a landscape figure so that the top is towards the spine of the book – no matter whether it’s on an odd or even page. In this case the \doifoddpageelse command can help:

\rotate[rotation=\doifoddpageelse{90}{270}]{\externalfigure[cow]}

This example is by Wolfgang, from the thread starting here. The thread contains other solutions to the problem.

Clipping

You can adjust the size of an element by cropping/clipping its borders:[1]

\clip[nx=3,ny=3,x=1,y=1]{\externalfigure[cow]}

\definedfont[SansBold at 20mm]
\baselineskip 0pt % switch off the space between the stripes
\lineskip 0pt
\def\MyLogo{\vbox{\hbox{\CONTEXT}\null}} % null is necessary for the whole bounding box
\clip[ny=3,y=1]{\color[yellow]{\MyLogo}}
\clip[ny=3,y=2]{\color[orange]{\MyLogo}}
\clip[ny=3,y=3]{\color[red]{\MyLogo}}

And here’s how to cut out a piece by measures (see also \setupclipping and \clip):

\clip[width=3cm, height=1cm, hoffset=1cm, voffset=5mm]{\externalfigure[cow][width=5cm]}


Further reading

Graphic transformations are implemented in grph-trf.mkiv and grph-trf.lua.

Footnotes

  1. Please, don’t forget that clipping only displays a part of an image. At least when this comes from a PDF document, the whole page has to be included, although only part of it is displayed.
    The PDF output from the following sample contains hans hagen, pragma ade. Depending on your PDF viewer, you may be able to search for it.
    Of course, you will have to compile the source yourself, since the wiki will only contains PNG images from compilations.
    \setuppapersize[A5, landscape]
    \setuplayout[page]
    \starttext
    \clip[nx=3,ny=3,x=1,y=1]{\externalfigure[xml-mkiv.pdf]}
    \stoptext